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Craig Kennedy

Created by Arthur B. Reeve
Pseudonyms include David Carver
(1880-1936)

“There is a distinct place for science in the detection of crime… I am going to apply science to the detection of crime, the same sort of methods by which you chase out the presence of a chemical, or run an unknown germ to earth.”
— from The Silent Bullet

Brainiac CRAIG KENNEDY was known as “The Scientific Detective” and “The American Sherlock Holmes,” and for a while, his popularity rivaled that of the Great One, particularly on this side of the pond, appearing in countless short stories, as well as novels and collections which sold in the millions. His success stretched as far as the pulp era, but by then, his characters had evolved into a more two-fisted crime fighter, but his true fame was built on the early stories that appeared in Cosmopolitan and Hearst’s Magazine.

Certainly Holmes and Kennedy bore some striking similarities. They were both always the smartest guys in the room, and both were also far ahead of the game, presenting “futuristic” forensic techniques and equipment that in many cases would soon enough become established police methods — but at the time probably seemed way out there for the average reader. In fact, some have suggested that Kennedy’s extensive use of such cutting-edge hoo-hah and gadgets (Submarines! Dictaphones! Gyroscopes! X-rays! Lie detectors! Portable seismographs! Death rays! Psychology! Telephones!) puts him as much in the science fiction camp as in the crime fiction camp, and more than one genre historian has tried to credit Reeve’s popularity with the eventual rise of Hugo Gernsback and the first American science fiction magazines. It should be noted that although there was a Craig Kennedy reprint (and one original story) in every issue of Gernback’s short-lived Scientific Detective Monthly (1930) and a banner proclaimed Reeve the “Editorial Commissioner” on every cover, it wasn’t truly a sci-fi mag, but one dedicated to detectives who use science to fight crime.

Still, it was heady stuff for the era, and Reeve was no fool. He gave the people plenty of what they wanted. Kennedy appeared in over eighty short stories and novellas, mostly in Cosmopolitan and Heart’s Magazine and various collections, as well as in numerous novels. He also appeared in film, television and even a few short-lived comic strips, and even underwent a comeback of sorts in the pulps.

Clean-cut, tall and handsome, the pipe-smoking Kennedy was a chemistry and science professor at Columbia University in New York City, and while he may have thought of himself as more of a criminologist than a private eye, he was very much open for business, willing to accept “consulting fees” for his investigations. Like Holmes, he never suffered from an abundance of humility — he was more than ready to expound on his own brilliance, in often excruciating detail. But the similarities don’t stop there. Kennedy shared an apartment with another “confirmed” bachelor, who just happened to chronicle his adventures, à la Watson. An old college chum and ace reporter for The Star,  Walter Jameson, is initially assigned by his editor to write an article describing an “average month” for the scientific detective, but he sorta sticks around for the rest of the series. Naturally, Kennedy also has a source/foil on the police force: Inspector Barney O’Connor of the NYPD, and his own arch enemy, a Moriarty-like figure known as “The Clutching Hand.”

But make no mistake: when the game was a-foot, Kennedy (like Holmes) wasn’t afraid to leave the classroom or the stuffy lecture hall, and do his own legwork, following suspects, donning disguises and even occasionally slugging it out with the bad guys. And the game was frequently a-foot — Reeve made sure things zipped along, his plotting was strong and his conclusions were top notch.

Kennedy’s fame was fleeting, however. “The very reason for Reeve’s popularity in the years before World War I, his topicality, dates the stories and makes him a largely forgotten author,” suggests J. Randolph Cox’s in the Summer 2018 edition of  Old-Time Detection.

My theory? Despite the pretty much universal respect Reeve gets from mystery scholars and critics, the man was not a great stylist . Consider this clumsy little info dump from one of his early, pre-pulp stories:

This twelfth series is interesting. So far only radium, thorium, and uranium are generally known. We know that the radio-active elements are constantly breaking down, and one often hears uranium, for instance, called the ‘parent’ of radium. Radium also gives off an emanation, and among its products is helium, quite another element. Thus the transmutation of matter is, within certain bounds, well known to-day to all scientists like yourself, Professor Kennedy. It has even been rumored but never proved that copper has been transformed into lithium—both members of the hydrogen-gold group, you will observe. Copper to lithium is going backward, so to speak. It has remained for me to devise this protodyne apparatus by which I can reverse that process of decay and go forward in the table,—can change lithium into copper and copper into gold. I can create and destroy matter by protodyne.

Zzzzzzzzz…

Maybe this is why Kennedy is today now more of a trivia question than anything. For some modern readers trying to wade through the morass of paragraphs like that, I’m sure the biggest mystery might be “Huh? Why was he EVER popular?”

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Born in N.Y., Arthur B. Reeve graduated from Princeton University in 1903 and went on to study law, but became a journalist. Inspired by a series of articles he wrote regarding science and detection, he created Craig Kennedy (“The American Sherlock Holmes”), by far his most popular creation, appearing in films, television and radio shows and even comic strips, far outshining such other creations as Guy Garrick or Clare Kendall. Granted, today Reeve is almost forgotten, and even an avowed fan on Amazon laments that “his characters are all cardboard, his dialog stiff, his plots mechanical and his style generic. He is also a complete chucklehead.”  Maybe, but during WWI he also helped establish a spy and crime detection lab in Washington, D.C.

UNDER OATH

SHORT STORIES & NOVELLAS

COLLECTIONS

NOVELS

FILMS

COMIC STRIPS

TELEVISION

RIYL

 

FURTHER INVESTIGATION

Respectfully submitted by Kevin Burton Smith, with special thanks to Matthias and Buddy for the initial spadework.

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